Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD)
Germany's oldest party, of Brandt, Schmidt, Schröder and Scholz, it defends the welfare state, unions, codetermination and Europe, with a market tilt since Agenda 2010, and has lost voters to the AfD and the Greens.
- Predominant spectrum
- Left
- Closest ideology
- State Liberalism
- Closest personality
- Olaf Scholz





















