Philosopher

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

An Enlightenment philosopher, Rousseau criticized social inequality and championed popular sovereignty, the general will, and a republican political community capable of forming free citizens through civic education and public virtue.

1712–1778

Portrait: Jean-Jacques Rousseau — Wikimedia Commons / Wikipédia

Profile across the 12 axes

How Jean-Jacques Rousseau positions on each of the 12 political dimensions measured by 12 Axes.

Structure

Leaning - Unitary

Federal 33%

Unitary 68%

Representation

Very strong - Democracy

Democracy 88%

Autocracy 13%

Power

Balanced

Security 51%

Liberty 49%

Immigration

Balanced

Assimilation 55%

Multiculturalism 45%

Diplomacy

Strong - Pacifist

Militarist 15%

Pacifist 85%

Intervention

Strong - Non-interventionist

Non-interventionist 84%

Nationalist 16%

Economy

Strong - Public

Public 84%

Private 16%

Control

Strong - Planning

Planning 85%

Free market 15%

Trade

Strong - Protectionism

Protectionism 78%

Globalism 23%

Religion

Leaning - Religious

Irreligious 36%

Religious 64%

Morality

Strong - Traditionalist

Progressive 21%

Traditionalist 79%

Technology

Very strong - Biology

Technology 9%

Biology 91%

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